Background and Aims: Radiographic examination prior to implant placement is often complemented with tomography for location of vital anatomic structures and evaluation of bone volume. The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of Photostimulable Phosphor plate system with that of conventional film-screen in mandibular pre-implant linear tomography Materials and Methods: In this test evaluation study, tomograms of 2 dry human mandibles were taken using the both film-screen and Photostimulable Phosphor plate. 10 sites were selected in each mandible and marked with gutta-percha. Distance of superior border to the mandibular canal and the total height and width of mandible were measured on the tomograms and also on the mandibles after sectioning. The radiographic values were compared with real ones.Results: After correction of tomographic values by the magnification factor of the unit, the mean of absolute differences with reality in linear tomography using film-screen and Photostimulable Phosphor plate for height of mandible were 0.59mm (SD=0.54) and 0.65mm (SD=0.72), respectively. The mean of absolute differences with reality in linear tomography using film-screen and Photostimulable Phosphor plate for width of mandible were 0.34mm (SD=0.33) and 0.31mm (SD=0.33), respectively. In localization of the mandibular canal, the mean of absolute differences with reality were 0.54mm (SD=0.30) and 0.52mm (SD=0.56) for linear tomography using film-screen and Photostimulable Phosphor plate, respectively. In linear tomography using film-screen, 100% of measurements for localization of the canal, 80% of height and 95% of width were within ± 1mm error limits. In linear tomography using Photostimulable Phosphor plate, 75% of measurements for localization of the canal, 75% of height and 95% of width were within ± 1mm error limits. There was no significant difference between linear tomography using film-screen and Photostimulable Phosphor plate in localizing the mandibular canal and height and width estimation (P>0.05).Conclusion: The accuracy of linear tomography using film-screen and Photostimulable Phosphor plate in height and width estimation and localization of the canal is within acceptable limits.

In this research, in order to investigate the effect of the piezoelectric patch which is used as a sensor or actuator in rotating flexible structures such as a helicopter blade, the free vibrations of the rotating rectangular sheet with and without the piezoelectric patch have been presented. First-order shear deformation theory is considered for plate displacement and piezoelectric field. Considering the effect of Coriolis acceleration, centrifugal acceleration and centrifugal in-plane forces, the equations of motion are derived from Hamilton's principle and the electromechanical couple equation is obtained from Maxwell's equation. For piezoelectric, two electrical conditions, open circuit and closed circuit, which are used in sensors and actuators, respectively, have been considered. The equations are discretized with the help of the numerical method of generalized differential squares and the matrices of inertia mass, eccentricity, Coriolis and stiffness matrix are obtained. Natural frequency values for beam and rotating plate have been compared in Abaqus software. Also, the values obtained from the numerical solution in MATLAB have been verified with articles and ABAQUS, which have high accuracy. The effect of parameters such as hub radius, rotation speed, sheet thickness, aspect ratio, piezoelectric patch thickness and applied voltage on the natural frequency of the system has also been investigated.

Background& Objective: Black pepper is frequently used in Iranian traditional medicine. as an analgesic (e.g. for toothache). This investigation was conducted to evaluate the response of mice to pain induced by Hot-plate and formalin test either with or without piperine (one of the active substances of the pepper).Materials& Methods: This randomized experimental study was performed on mice. Hot-plate and formalin tests were planned to pain measurement. The mice were divided into two groups in each arm of study (Hot-plate and formalin test groups). The data of control (saline) and drug (piperine) groups were separately compared in each arm of study with student T -test and ANOV A. The difference between each point of data was considered significant at p-value under 0.05.]Results: There was not a- significant difference in tolerance time of subjects between Hot-plate and saline groups. Piperine (25, 50 and 75 mg/kg) along with morphine (10 mg/kg) causes significant increase to saline group in tolerance time and also significant increase to morphine group, but in formalin test piperine could have significant effect in decreasing the pain induced by of formalin on mice. These effects are comparable with morphine. In formalin test," pain has two phases. The first phase is acute and the second one is chronic that begins from 15-20 minutes. Acute pain has central effect and chronic pain has peripheral pathway and piperine causes decreasing response to formalin test at the first phase of pain. Naloxone can prevent these effects in all groups. In formalin test and Hot-plate, the effect of piperine were dose dependent.Conclusion: Piperine can centrally act on the nociception pathway and its effect on opioid system exhibits as an enhancement opioid effect. The effects are dose dependent and will be inhibited by opioid antagonist.

License plate Detection is an essential part of smart transportation systems which is always ‎expected to be accurate and efficient. The exponential growth of the number of vehicles has led ‎to many problems for vehicle detection in different fields such as traffic control, parking lot, toll ‎highways and so. Using an automatic system for plate number detection of the vehicle, a large ‎number of problems can be solved. One of the best methods for overcoming this problem is using ‎a convolutional neural network approach. They have shown impressive performance in various ‎computer vision tasks. In this work, we tried to introduce a new dataset of Iranian cars' plates. ‎Then using transfer learning and Alexnet, we have proposed a new approach for detection and ‎classifying the plate numbers. We conducted comprehensive experiments on the new dataset. The ‎experimental results show that the proposed method has achieved to 97.35% accuracy.‎

Composite Steel plate shear walls (C.S.S.W.) have been used in structures as a lateral resisting system that it's building by concrete cover on one or both sides of steel plate. This system that identified as the 3rd version of the shear walls, by increasing of stiffness, ductility & energy absorption is widely used in tall building, retrofitting of structures and tanks.In this paper, evaluation of concrete layer to steel plate thickness ratio has been investigated on C.S.S.W. behavior. In this regard, some experimental and analytical specimens involved of flexible steel tram, steel shear wall & steel plate shear wall composited with reinforced concrete layer are built and tested using a rigid frame and actuator. The variable parameters on composite shear wall were the number of concrete layer, distance between stuts and ratio of steel plate to of concrete layer thickness. The results show that the stiffness of composite shear wall has direct proportion to concrete layer thickness and has inverse proportion to distance between stuts. Increasing on proportion of thickness of steel plate to thickness of concrete layer until optimum thickness reduced the displacement of out of plate and beyond which there would be no merit. On the other hand, usage of two concrete layers on two side of steel plate was reduced effect of secondary bending.